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Brain lateralization refers to how certain mental processes are more dominant in one hemisphere of the brain than the other. While both hemispheres communicate constantly through a bundle of nerve fibers called the corpus callosum, they often specialize in different tasks.
The lateralization of brain function (or hemispheric dominance[1][2] / lateralization [3][4]) is the tendency for some neural functions or cognitive processes to be specialized to one side of the brain or the other.
From the small brains of insects to variously sized brains of vertebrates, including humans, the left and right sides process information differently and control different patterns of behaviour. This is known as lateralization.
Brain lateralization is the principle that certain mental processes are more dominant in one hemisphere of the brain than the other. The brain’s two halves, the left and right hemispheres, are not identical in their roles.
Cerebral lateralization is defined as the tendency for certain cognitive processes and functions to be more dominant in one hemisphere of the brain than the other, often associated with variations in handedness and linked to neurodevelopmental disorders and medical conditions.
Brain lateralization, a fundamental principle in neuropsychology and cognitive neuroscience, describes the functional specialization of the left and right cerebral hemispheres. It’s a crucial architectural feature impacting everything from language processing to spatial reasoning.
Brain lateralization refers to the idea that the two hemispheres of the brain—left and right—are responsible for different types of mental and physical functions. This concept suggests that certain abilities or characteristics are “localized” predominantly in one hemisphere or the other.
Our results suggest that the lateralisation of brain functions is distributed along four functional axes: symbolic communication, perception/action, emotion, and decision-making.
Many, often unrelated, brain functions are lateralized. In humans, these include differential specialization of the hemispheres to process language and produce speech, express emotions, respond to faces, attend to spatial information, and control hand use.
The concept of lateralization in psychology refers to the way our brain’s hemispheres divide up cognitive tasks. It’s like having two co-pilots in the cockpit of our mind, each with their own unique strengths and responsibilities.